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A brief history of insulation development

2019-05-27

The development of rubber products manufacturers is the foundation and guarantee of the development of electrical products, and plays a particularly important role in the development of motor and electrical industry. The development and progress of insulating materials depend on the development of polymer materials and directly restrict and influence the development and progress of electrical products.


Insulation material is the key to the advanced technology of electrical products, and also the important guarantee of long-term safety and reliable operation of electrical products. Accordingly, requirement insulation material develops ceaselessly new breed, improve product performance and quality, in order to get used to the need that electrician product develops ceaselessly


After more than 50 years of development, China's insulating material industry has initially formed an industrial system with relatively complete products, relatively complete supporting facilities, considerable production scale and scientific research strength. Especially in the past 20 years, the varieties of insulation materials have developed rapidly, the quality has been greatly improved, and the product level has reached a new height.


Before the 20th century, insulating materials were basically from natural materials or products made from them. The earliest electric motors used silk, cotton and cotton as insulation materials. In order to improve water resistance, natural resin such as shellac and vegetable oil, asphalt impregnated.


At the beginning of the 20th century, due to the development of organic synthesis and polymer chemistry, the first synthetic polymer - phenolic resin, which is also an important invention in the field of insulation materials. Once phenolic resin was invented, it was soon widely used and successively made into phenolic resin based impregnated paints, plastics, impregnated fiber products and laminated products. After the emergence of urea formaldehyde resin, aniline formaldehyde resin, melamine formaldehyde resin, glycerin resin.


Since the 1930s, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, neoprene, polyvinyl acetal and so on have been developed. After the 1950s, silicone resin, polyester film, unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin and other industrial production, while glass fiber, powder mica products began to industrial production, promoting the development of insulation materials. With the development of modern polymer chemistry and industry, the development period of new insulating materials based on synthetic polymers really began. The polymers that appeared in the previous paragraph were successively applied to insulation materials, and new varieties of insulation materials were rapidly developed, such as solvent-free paint applied to motors

Dipping; Film composite products as motor groove insulation; Powder mica products developed rapidly and were used in large high voltage generators. Sulfur hexafluoride was invented and applied in high voltage electric appliances.


Into the 1970 s, the polymer industry at the same time in the further to the development of large industrial, insulating materials industry began to appear the new F, class H insulation system, have developed the polyimide, polyamide imide, polyimide, poly (maleic imide, diphenyl ether and other heat resistant insulating paint, adhesives and thin films, And modified epoxy, unsaturated polyester, polyaromatic amide fiber paper and its composite materials and other series of new products. The heat resistance grade of electrical products has been increased to GRADE B in large quantities, and new F and H insulation materials have been used in special motors such as metallurgy, crane and locomotive motors.


After entering the 1980 s, China's own development on a large scale of F, H insulation materials, the performance is improved, such as the modified diphenyl ether, modified double maleic imide, modified polyester imide enameled wire paint, polyamide imide enameled wire paint, polyimide enameled wire paint, F, H, glass fiber products, high performance polyimide film, F grade epoxy powder mica belt, etc. Solvent-free impregnation resins and quick - dry impregnation coatings have been developed rapidly. Mica tape, VPI (vacuum pressure impregnation) impregnation resin began to apply.


Modern application of nanotechnology to the development of nano insulation materials. Nanotechnology can be used in many fields, including insulation. The nanoscale powder (ranging from 1 to 100nm) can be uniformly dispersed in the polymer resin, or nano-scale crystalline or non-crystalline materials can be formed in the polymer or added, and nano-scale micropores or bubbles can be formed. Due to the structural characteristics of nano-sized particles, composite materials show a series of unique and strange properties, which makes nanomaterials become a promising new material field. At present, researches in this field have been carried out in China. For example, Sichuan University has successfully prepared polyimide/montmorillonite nanocomposite films. The application of nanomaterials will open up the prospect of new materials and technologies for many new properties that traditional insulation materials cannot achieve.


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